8 9 See our website for more information Symptoms Initially slight bronzing of grass, usually in a ring. As affected grass dies, resistant grass species or broad-leaved weeds invade the centre of the patch. Symptoms may fade in late autumn and winter. Susceptible grass species Mostly bentgrass, can also affect annual meadow-grass. Time of year Pathogen active earlier in the season but symptoms usually observed during July/August. Climatic conditions Warm temperatures, moist soil. Turf conditions Presence of susceptible grass species, newly constructed sand areas low in antagonists, alkaline rootzone, use of alkaline top dressing or irrigation water, poor drainage, lack of manganese. Cultural: Avoid application of alkaline material such as lime, alkaline top dressing and alkaline irrigation water; use acidifying fertilisers and iron sulphate to reduce PH of turfgrass surface; use manganese early in the season to improve turfgrass tolerance. Biological: Oversow with red fescue. Chemical: Effective fungicides are available. Timing of application dictates optimal performance. Application at the very first sign of symptoms will help prevent large patches developing. Management Take-all Patch Disease Risk Indicators WINTER JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC SPRING SUMMER AUTUMN WINTER JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC LEAF WETNESS TEMPERATURES HIGH MOIST SOILS ROOTZONE ALKALINE
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